Scholarly Communications

Open Access (OA): A business model that shifts the cost of scholarly communication from reading to publishing. OA research content is available for reading without requiring a payment or subscription. Instead, OA publishing is funded by the author or a funder through an Article Processing Charge, or sponsored by a library or another organization through licensing or membership fees.

Article Processing Charge (APC): Charges paid by authors to fund the Open Access publication of an article in a fully OA or a hybrid journal. 

Funder: Body or bodies (if any) under whose funding terms either the Open Access Article was prepared, or the work on which it is based, was carried out.

Transformative or “Read and Publish” agreement: Licensing agreement that includes both reading and publishing rights, allowing institutional researchers to publish Open Access articles in hybrid and/or fully OA journals that are part of subscribed packages.

Subscribe to Open (S2O): Publisher decision to open content for OA reading if enough libraries subscribe to meet minimum revenue target. It could change from year to year. Publishing remains at no cost, funded by library licensing fees and all articles published during a S2O year remain OA..

Corresponding author: In case there are multiple authors, only one person can be the corresponding author. The Corresponding author is the author who handles the manuscript and correspondence during the publication process, including approving the article proofs. The Corresponding author does not need to be the first author of the paper.

There are various versions of a manuscript:

• Pre-print: the first submitted draft of an article, before peer-review.
• Post-print: also known as Accepted author manuscript (AAM). The peer-reviewed, final version of an article prior to publication. This is not the same as the publisher’s final version.
• Version of Record (VoR): the final typeset and edited version of the article published in a journal.

There are various distinct types of OA publications:

• Fully OA Journal (Gold OA): a journal which contains only Open Access articles.
• Hybrid Journal: a journal which contains both Open Access articles and articles behind a paywall.
• Green OA: Self-archiving of articles by the author in an OA repository (like Scholarship@Claremont), provided that the publisher policy permits it or permission is granted upon request. Sometimes self-archiving is allowed after an embargo period.
• Diamond OA: No direct costs to either read or publish, publishing costs covered by a sponsoring organization. Ex: Lever Press.

Self-archiving: the act of the author's depositing a free copy of an electronic document online in order to provide open access to it.

Embargo: a period during which access to scholarly work is restricted to those who have paid for access. Once the embargo period ends, an article can be deposited in a repository (if permitted by the publisher).

Publication license: regulates (among other things) the terms of access and reuse of the published work 

Open Access repository: a digital platform that holds research output and provides free, immediate, and permanent access to research results for anyone to use, download, and distribute.

• Institutional repository – an online archive of an institution’s scholarly outputs. The collection can include publications in peer-reviewed journals, books and book-sections, technical reports, working papers, monographs, conference presentations, audio and visual materials or any other research content that has some scholarly value. The Claremont College's institutional repository is Scholarship@Claremont.
• Subject repository – an online archive of open access literature in particular fields e.g. PubMed Central and arXiv.